Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is a critical process for removing damaged or unnecessary cells, maintaining tissue health, and preventing disease. This book deals with the mechanisms of apoptosis, including caspase activation and mitochondrial pathways. It explores the role of apoptosis in diseases like cancer, where its failure leads to unchecked cell growth, and neurodegenerative conditions, where excessive apoptosis occurs. With a clinical focus, the book discusses therapeutic strategies targeting apoptotic pathways.