This book presents the proceedings of the 2021 European Federation for Medical Informatics (EFMI) Special Topic Conference (STC), originally planned as a live event in Seville, Spain, but ultimately held as a virtual event from 22–24 November 2021. This conference focused on applying the FAIR principles (Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reusability) to accelerate health research in Europe in the post COVID-19 era. The 38 papers included here are divided into 5 sections, and topics covered include: methods for the adoption of FAIR principles; FAIR-based precision medicine; AI in FAIR data-driven health; privacy and security aspects of applying FAIR in health research; FAIR and infectious-disease research data (including COVID-19); FAIR in infrastructures and software; metadata, ontologies, and terminologies to support the sharing of health research data; and paradigms for sharing health research data.