Ethnicity is not a one type fits all people. Ethnicity is considered to be shared characteristics such as culture, language, religion, and traditions, which contribute to a person or group’s identity. Within the past decade, anthropologists have revitalized their interest in the complex and often covert structures and dynamics of racial inequality. This book examines anthropological thinking about the race concept and its applications. The information presented in this book covers theoretical exploration of modern ethnic identity, assertiveness, and conflict throughout the world and selective empirical studies of particular ethnic groups in various nations and parts of the world.