Distillation is one of the oldest and most popular chemical separation methods. The aim of this book is to present state of the art research and developments on distillation and absorption in real life. Distillation is used to separate liquids from nonvolatile solids, as in the separation of alcoholic liquors from fermented materials, or in the separation of two or more liquids having different boiling points, as in the separation of gasoline, kerosene, and lubricating oil from crude oil. Other industrial applications include the processing of such chemical products as formaldehyde and phenol and the desalination of seawater. The book is a compilation of the research and reviews presented by world-wide authors and experts which aimed to address and record changes in distillation and absorption and to discuss new directions in the field.